mkdvd Command

Purpose

Creates multi-volume DVDs from a mksysb, savevg, or savewpar backup image.

Syntax

mkdvd -r directory | -d dvddevice | -S [ -m mksysbimage | -M mksysbtarget | -s savevgimage | -v savevgvolumegroup | -w savewpar_image | -W wparname ] [ -C cdfsdir ] [ -I cdimagedir ] [ -V dvdfsvolumegroup ] [ -B ] [ -p pkgsourcedir ] [ -R | -S ] [ -i image.data ] [ -u bosinst.data ] [ -f wparspecificationfile ] [ -e ] [ -P ] [ -l packagelist ] [ -b bundlefile ] [ -z customfile ] [ -D ] [ -U ] [ -Y ] [ -n ] [ -a ] [ -A ] [ -c ] [-Z] [ -G | -N ] [-x file ] [ -T ]

Description

The mkdvd command creates a system backup image (mksysb) to DVD-Recordable (DVD-R, DVD-RAM) from the system rootvg or from a previously created mksysb image. It creates a volume group backup image (savevg) to DVD from a user-specified volume group or from a previously created savevg image. It also creates the backup image of a workload partition (savewpar) to DVD from a user-specified workload partition or from a previously created savewpar image.

Note: If the system has a multibos environment where both instances are mounted, you can restore the backup only by using the alt_disk_mksysb command.

For DVD media, system backups that are made with the mkdvd command have a limitation in that they expect the media to be 4.7 GB or larger per side. The mkdvd command does not process the next volume until it writes over 4 GB on the current volume, thus the use of smaller media would result in corruption when you go beyond the media capacity.

When a bootable backup of a root volume group is created, the boot image reflects the currently running kernel. If the current kernel is the 64-bit kernel, the backup boot image is also 64 bit, and it boots 64-bit systems only. If the current kernel is a 32-bit kernel, the backup boot image is 32 bit, and it can boot both 32-bit and 64-bit systems.

With the mkdvd command, you can create bootable and non-bootable DVDs in Rock Ridge (ISO9660) or UDF (Universal Disk Format) format.

Note: The functionality that is required to create Rock Ridge format DVD images and to write the DVD image to the DVD-RAM device is not part of the mkdvd command. You must supply additional code to the mkdvd command to do these tasks. You can call the code by using shell scripts and then link it to /usr/sbin/mkrr_fs (for creating the Rock Ridge format image) and /usr/sbin/burn_cd (for writing to the DVD device). Both links are called from the mkdvd command.

Some sample shell scripts are included for different vendor-specific routines. You can find these scripts in /usr/samples/oem_cdwriters.

If you do not supply any file systems or directories as command parameters, the mkdvd command creates the necessary file systems and removes them when the command finishes running. File systems that you supply are checked for adequate space and write access.

Note: If the mkdvd command creates file systems in the backup volume group, they are excluded from the backup.

If you must create multi-volume DVDs because the volume group image does not fit on one DVD, the mkdvd command provides instructions for DVD replacement and removal until all the volumes have been created.

Flags

Item	Description
-a	Does not back up extended attributes or NFS4 ACLs.
-A	Backs up DMAPI file system files.
-b bundlefile	Gives the full path name of the file that contains a list of filesets to be installed after the mksysb is restored. This file is copied to ./usr/sys/inst.data/user_bundles/bundle_file in the DVD file system and also copied to RAM in case the DVD is unmounted. The file would be listed as BUNDLES=/../usr/sys/inst.data/user_bundles/bundlefile in the bosinst.data file.
-B	Prevents mkdvd from adding boot images (non-bootable DVD) to the DVD. Use this flag if you create a mksysb DVD that you will not boot. Before you install the non-bootable mksysb DVD, you must boot a same level (V.R.M.) product media. The mkdvd command defaults to creating a bootable DVD for the machine type of the source system. For more information, see the Notes section.
-c	Does not compress or pack files as they are backed up.
-C cdfsdir	Specifies the file system that is used to create the DVD file system structure, which must have up to 4.38 GB for DVD sized images. The DVD image consumes only as much room as is necessary to contain all the data on the DVD. If you do not specify the -C flag and the /mkcd/cd_fs directory exists, the mkdvd command uses that directory. If you do not specify the -C flag and the /mkcd/cd_fs directory does not exist, the mkdvd command creates the file system /mkcd/cd_fs and removes it when the command finishes running. The command creates the file system in the volume group that is indicated with the -V flag, or rootvg if that flag is not used. Each time that you invoke the mkdvd command, a unique subdirectory (by using the process id) is created under the /mkcd/cd_fs directory, or in the directory that is specified with the -C flag. Note: If performing DVD sized backups, the file systems must be large file enabled. This type of backup also requires setting the file ulimit size to unlimited.
-d dvddevice	Indicates the DVD-R or DVD-RAM device (`/dev/cd1`, for instance). This flag is required unless you use the -S flag.
-D	Turns on the debug output information feature. The default is no debug output.
-e	Excludes the files and directories from the backup image that is listed in the /etc/exclude.volume_group file. You cannot use this flag with the -m or -s flags.
-f wparspecificationfile	Specifies the user-supplied WPAR specification file. This specification file of workload partition takes precedence over the wpar.spec file in the savewpar image. If you do not use the -f flag, the mkdvd command restores the wpar.spec from the specified savewpar image, or generates a new wpar.spec file during the creation of savewpar.
-i image.data	Specifies the user-supplied image.data file. This data file takes precedence over the image.data file in the mksysb image. If you do not specify the -i flag, then the mkdvd command restores the image.data from the given mksysb image, or generates a new image.data file during the creation of mksysb. Note: The -i flag cannot be used to specify a user-supplied vgname.data file for use with a savevg image.
-I cdimagesdir	Specifies the directory or file system where the final DVD images are stored before they are written to the DVD-R or DVD-RAM device. If this flag is not used, the mkdvd command uses the */mkcd/cd_images* directory if it already exists. If not, the command creates the /mkcd/cd_images file system in the volume group that is given with the -V flag, or in rootvg if that flag is not used. If the mkdvd** command creates the file system, it is removed upon command completion, unless either the -R or -S flag is used. If the -R or -S flag is used, consideration must be made for adequate file system, directory, or disk space, especially when you create multi-volume DVDs. The DVD image consumes only as much room as is necessary to contain all the data on the DVD. Note: If performing DVD sized backups, the file systems must be large file enabled. This type of backup also requires setting the file ulimit size to unlimited.
-l packagelist	Specifies the file that contains a list of additional packages you want copied to the ./usr/lpp/inst.images directory of the DVD file system. The images are copied from the location that is named with the -p flag. If you use the -l flag, you must also use the -p flag.
-m mksysbimage	Specifies a previously created mksysb image. If you do not specify the -m flag, the mkdvd command calls mksysb. For more information about where the mksysb image is placed, see the -M flag.
-M mksysbtarget	States the directory or file system where the mksysb or savevg image is stored if a previously created backup is not given with the -m or -s flags. If the -M flag is not used and a mksysb or savevg image is not provided, the mkdvd command verifies that /mkcd/mksysbimage exists. If the directory does not exist, then the mkdvd command creates a separate file system, /mkcd/mksysbimage, where the mksysb or savevg images are temporarily stored. The command creates the file system in the volume group that is given with the -V flag, or in rootvg if that flag is not used. Note: If performing DVD sized backups, the file systems must be large file enabled. This type of backup also requires setting the file ulimit size to unlimited.
-n	Backs up user volume group information and administration data files. This flag backs up files such as /tmp/vgdata/vgname/vgname.data and map files, if any exist. This flag does not back up user data files. This backup can be used to create a user volume group without restoring user data files. This action cannot be done to rootvg.
-N	Includes file systems that belong to a workload partition (WPAR) in the defined state in the system backup. Note: To be included in the backup, all file systems that belong to a WPAR in the defined state must be in the rootvg volume group.
-p pkgsourcedir	Names the directory or device that contains device and kernel package images. The device must be a CD or DVD device (for example, /dev/cd0). If you use the same DVD-R or DVD-RAM device that you gave with the -d flag, the product media must be inserted into the drive first. The mkdvd command then prompts you to insert the writable DVD before the actual DVD creation.
-P	Creates physical partition mapping during the mksysb or savevg creation. You cannot use this flag with the -m or -s flags.
-r directory	Indicates existing directory structure to burn onto a DVD. This flag makes a DVD image that is a copy of the specified directory structure.
-R	Prevents the mkdvd command from removing the final DVD images. The mkdvd command defaults by removing everything that it creates when it finishes running. The -R flag allows multiple DVD image sets to be stored, or for DVD creation (burn) to occur on another system. If multiple volumes are needed, the final images are uniquely named by using the process ID and volume suffixes.
-s savevgimage	Indicates a previously created savevg image. See Notes for details.
-S	Stops the mkdvd command before it writes to the DVD-R or DVD-RAM without removing the final DVD images. The -S flag allows multiple DVD sets to be created, or for DVDs to be created on another system. The images remain in the directory marked by the -I flag, or in the */mkcd/cd_images*** directory if the -I flag is not used. If multiple volumes are required, the final images are uniquely named by using the process ID and volume suffixes.
-T	Creates backup by using snapshots. This command applies only to JFS2 file systems. When you specify the -T flag to use snapshots for creating a volume group backup, external JFS2 snapshots are created. Snapshots allow for a point-in-time image of a JFS2 file system and thus, do not require a system to be put into a temporarily inactive state. The size of the snapshot is 2% - 15% of the size of the file system. The snapshot logical volumes are removed when back up is complete. However, snapshots are not removed if a file system already has other snapshots. Additionally, if a file system has internal snapshots, external snapshots cannot be created and thus, snapshots are not used for creating the backup of the file system. The use of the -T flag does not affect any JFS file systems that are present in the volume group that is being backed up. These file systems are backed up in the same manner as done previously.
-u bosinst.data	Specifies the user-supplied bosinst.data file. This data file takes precedence over the bosinst.data file in the mksysb image. If you do not specify the -u flag, then the mkdvd command restores bosinst.data from the specified mksysb image, or generates a new bosinst.data file during the creation of mksysb.
-U	Creates a UDF (Universal Disk Format) file system on DVD-RAM media. It does not require the amount of free space that is needed to create Rock Ridge format backups. It does not need the /mkcd/cd_fs and /mkcd/cd_images file systems. Therefore, the only temporary disk space it needs is to create the backup image that will be copied to the media. This means that the -I and -C flags do not apply to the -U flag. Because the backup is copied to the media, images cannot be created and burned later or on another system. So, the -R flag and -S flag do not apply when you use the -U flag. You must specify a device to write to with the -d flag. The -U flag does not use the /usr/sbin/mkrr_fs or /usr/sbin/burn_cd file systems.
-v savevgvolumegroup	Denotes the volume group to be backed up using the savevg command. See Notes for details. For more information about where the savevg image is placed, see the -M flag.
-V dvdfsvolumegroup	Indicates the volume group that is used when you create the file systems needed for the mkdvd command. If the -V flag is not given and a file system is needed but not there (because it was not supplied with other flags), then rootvg is the default volume group for creating the file systems. If the mkdvd command creates the file systems in the backup volume group, those file systems are not included as part of the backup image. The mkdvd-created file systems are removed upon the command's completion.
-w savewparimage	Indicates a previously created savewpar image.
-W wparname	Denotes the workload partition to be backed up using the savewpar command.
-Y	Accepts licenses.
-z customsfile	States the full path name of the file to be copied to the root directory of the DVD file system. This file can be a customization script that is specified in the bosinst.data file, such as `CUSTOMIZATION_FILE=filename`. For example: If the file `my_script` is in /tmp on the machine where mkdvd is running, then enter `-z/tmp/my_script` and specify `CUSTOMIZATION_FILE=my_script`. The code copies the script to the root directory of the RAM file system before it runs.
-Z	Specifies that the Encrypted file system (EFS) information for all the files, directories, and file systems is not backed up.
-G	Excludes WPAR file systems from the system backup. This flag is not valid with -N flag.
-x file	Excludes the file systems that are listed in the file from the system backup. File system mount points must be listed one per line.

Note: Use care when you exclude file systems as a resulting backup can be unusable for system restoration.

Note:

If you are creating a non-bootable DVD (by using the -B flag), you cannot use the -p or -l flags.
If you are creating a non-bootable DVD with a savevg image (by using the -s or -v flags), you cannot use the -p, -l, -u, -i, -z, or -b flags.

Examples

To generate a bootable system backup to the DVD-R device named /dev/cd1, enter the following command:
```
mkdvd -d /dev/cd1
```
To generate a system backup to the DVD-R or DVD-RAM device named /dev/cd1, enter the following command:
```
mkdvd -d /dev/cd1
```
To generate a non-bootable volume group backup of the volume group myvg to /dev/cd1, enter the following command:
```
mkdvd -d /dev/cd1 -v myvg
```
Note: All savevg backup images are non-bootable.
To generate a non-bootable backup of the workload partition mywpar to /dev/cd1, enter the following command:
```
mkdvd -d /dev/cd1 -W mywpar
```
Note: All savewpar backup images are not bootable.
To generate a non-bootable backup of the workload partition mywpar to /dev/cd1 from the previously generated savewpar image /wparbackups/mywpar.bff, enter the following command:
```
mkdvd -d /dev/cd1 -w /wparbackups/mywpar.bff
```
To create a DVD or DVD that duplicates an existing directory structure such as the following example:
```
/mycd/a
/mycd/b/d
/mycd/c/f/g
```
enter the following command:
```
mkdvd -r /mycd -d /dev/cd1
```
After you mount with mount -o ro /dev/cd1 /mnt, cd to /mnt; a find . -print command displays:
```
./a
./b
./b/d
./c
./c/f
./c/f/g
```

Files

Item	Description
/usr/bin/mkdvd	Contains the mkdvd command.